The Magical Landings of the Artist Jean Calogero
Interview with Luigi NICOLOSI, Artistic Director of the Jean Calogero Archive

14 Giugno, 2024

Prosecutor of the master Jean Calogero, Luigi Nicolosi followed his artistic activity, set up, together with his wife Patrizia Calogero (daughter of the Artist), the cultural association Archivio Jean Calogero, and organizes exhibitions, art fairs, meetings and conferences on the ‘Artist’s Work in Italy and abroad.


INTERVIEWER | Elena COCUZZA, Research fellow of Transport Planning, DICAr, University of Catania

INTERVIEWEE | Luigi NICOLOSI, Artistic Director, Jean Calogero Archive

What is the role of the sea, and the waterfront, in the master’s artistic inspiration?

Jean Calogero was born in Catania, a Catania of the 1930s, he was born in 1922 in the Civita neighborhood of Catania, which is a neighborhood very close to the port. At that time, the sea came to touch the walls of the Baroque city. The sea was almost close to the cathedral, touching palazzo Biscari, under the arches of the Marina. That was the port of Catania. And so this sea that lapped the Baroque city was fundamental in his artistic formation, in what he then represented.

How does he translate the sensory and emotional experience of the sea into his paintings?

Living in close proximity to the sea and the port, his perception of people arriving and people leaving also had a great influence. He personally left his hometown to train abroad, in Paris. In fact, his real artistic training took place in Paris where he arrived in the postwar period, in 1947, to be confronted with the great artists and the great pictorial movements of that historical period, and so from there he brought his Sicilianity into an international context. This is evidenced by the paintings of that period that highlight this miscellany between Sicilian origins, the colors of Sicily, and what are instead Impressionist and Post-Impressionist pictorial trends, everything that the first half of the 20th century had developed.

Is there a particular aspect of the sea that you, being a great connoisseur of the master and his works find most fascinating or difficult to represent?

Jean Calogero, in many works, seemingly represents Venice or other imaginary places, but in reality he represents his city, Catania.

The sea is the place of arrival and departure. And from where cultures arrive and depart and mingle. And so, the sea is a continuous source of inspiration. From a chromatic point of view, then, it is an incredible inexhaustible source. Jean Calogero chooses, at the height of his international success, to return to live in a town that gave him light and color, in a small town like Acicastello, a small seaside village on the border with Catania, the town of the Malavoglias, where the cliffs, the sea, good weather and bad weather manage to bring out important colors and chromatic vibrations. Jean Calogero is an artist who can paint the gray sky and from the gray bring out that wonderful palette of colors. Many critics have pointed out this aspect, that is, that this strong sensitivity for gray has it in a Catanese, because only the Catanese knows how much from the gray can come out the blue of the sky. Or out of the gray of the sky come out the blue of the sea and the other colors, and that was very important to him. His way of life.

Venice, 1990. (Oil painting 73×60 cm; © Archivio Jean Calogero).

The sea was always the protagonist of his paintings. Jean Calogero has never represented crafts, neither those related to the sea nor to the land. Except for his early training period in Catania, when he began painting by experimenting. Later he did not. The figures become almost mannequins, indeed, very often they are mannequins, they are Amazons on horseback, they are characters that, in the end, in the artist’s palette serve as a tone, a half tone.

The subject is always a pretext for the fundamental purpose for the master, that of finding a chromatic vibration as a function of the compositions. The master has had a significant artistic output. He is not an artist of few paintings, he was always an artist of great production, because his need was to paint all the time. It was a very strong need for him. It was not a problem for him to find inspiration. He would find inspiration in a sketch, mark it on any piece of paper, then he would sit at the easel and that scribbled piece of paper would become a major work.

Where the sun never sets, 1995. (Oil painting 45×55 cm; © Archivio Jean Calogero).

Is there some kind of archive today? Have you been able to estimate the number of works?

We personally manage the archive. We have been doing this since 2001, since the Master passed away. To date, we have already archived many works belonging to private individuals. We have our own works that the master left behind, with which we continue to develop the memory and popularize the intellectual memory, especially of the artist. However, to quantify how many works is impossible, impossible. But this is absolutely irrelevant. Picasso was also had a very large production. This happens for those artists who work continuously, continuously. He for 50 years did nothing else, but because it was his joy, it was the joy of living.

What is the port’s commitment to promoting the development of the city of Catania?

The goal is to foster mutual communication and understanding of the needs between the city and the port. We want to create an area that is no longer considered exclusively port-related, broad enough to allow citizens to feel involved and less overwhelmed by the predominant presence of commercial port activities. Often, citizens do not understand the importance of these port activities because they do not realize that the consumer goods they use daily, such as clothes, cell phones, watches, and more, come from ships that have docked at that port. The idea would be to try to imagine what life would be like without the port and its commercial activities, to better understand their importance.



Jean Calogero, Biography of the Artist

Jean Calogero was one of the great protagonists of the 20th century. The sea is a recurring theme in his rich artistic production. Taking a closer look at his paintings, it is possible to glimpse his City of origin, Catania, and its waterfront.

Born in Catania on August 20, 1922, the second son of four children from a humble family, he lost his father at a very young age and was thus forced from childhood to alternate between study and work. Obsessively drawn to drawing, he would come home at night and feel the need to imprint his emotions on anything that came his way: on wood, cardboard and on pieces of cloth stolen from his mother. Among his favorite subjects was his little sister, whom he adorned and portrayed. She loved to say; “those moments were my life and my life was waiting for those moments.”
The more the years passed, the more his passion for drawing and painting grew in him.

Jean Calogero in the atelier in Aci Castello, 1975.

1937/1946 – He enrolled at the Liceo Artistico in Catania, where the painter Roberto Rimini (1988/1971) was principal, who immediately recognized his enormous potential and allowed him to attend his studio. Rimini’s technique, far from the “truth” of hyperrealism and closer to expressionism, would play an important role in Calogero’s artistic choices. He alternated his study with the trade of decorator, learning to paint under extreme conditions. During his military service, he is given the assignment of draftsman for the army; it will be during this period he becomes fully aware, that he will dedicate the rest of his life to art. At the end of wartime hostilities, he realizes that his Catania cannot help him realize his goals, and he moves to Rome. He met the master Renato Guttuso, who in those years together with some painter friends founded the movement “ Fronte Nuovo Delle Arti,” which had as its objective, the recovery of various international artistic experiences, which due to the war were little known in Italy.

1947/1950 – Knowledge of these new realities and full confidence in his abilities, pushed him to direct confrontation and with courage he moved to Paris. He lives on the top floor of a miserable boarding house in Montmartre, maintaining his lodging by portraying the faces of his landlord’s children. He manages to get painting supplies from a fine arts store in exchange for a few works. He works a lot, closely observing the great artists of the period and hanging out with them in the bistros of Montmartre. Among them Gino Severini, Filippo De Pisis and Maurice Utrillo glimpsed his talent and encouraged him to persevere in times of discouragement. After two years of suffering, he met an influential art dealer, who undertook to buy all his production, successfully proposing him to private individuals and many Parisian galleries. With his first earnings, he decided to perfect his technique by diligently attending the Accadèmie des Beaux Arts.

1951/1956 – His first solo exhibition in Paris at the Harvè gallery (at that time very attentive to young talents) where he achieved considerable success with critics and the public. They also notice his talent in America and on the occasion of one of his solo shows in New York he meets Bing Crosby great actor and art lover, who organizes an exhibition for him with the most prestigious gallery in Los Angeles. He becomes one of the most sought-after artists by Hollywood actors and collectors overseas. He works in Paris with Galerie Madsen, which allows him the opportunity to experiment with new themes and painting techniques that will greatly interest not only the public, but also the most attentive critics of the period: Maximilien Gauthier, Waldemar George and Francois Christian Toussaint review him in catalogs for his solo exhibitions. By now a successful artist, he purchased in Paris the ‘atelier that had been Picasso’s and Degas’ in Pigalle, where he would work with great intensity to meet the demands of art dealers who would take his works around the world.

1957/1960 – The municipal council de la Ville de Paris presents him with the Grand Silver Medal, the city of Paris’ highest award to living artists. Now considered a French painter, he decides to add the name Jean to the now famous Calogero to the signature of his paintings. He is included in the Benezit International Catalogue of Art (which brings together the most influential names in world painting of all times) under the signature Jean Calogero.

1961/1970 – Bound by an exclusivity contract with a large network of American galleries, he decides to live more permanently in Sicily, from which he draws light and color with full force. In 1965 his first solo exhibition in Japan in Tokyo.

1971/1984 – While on tour in the United States, he is called back to Italy due to the worsening health of his mother, who passes away a few days after his return. From the severe loss, he suffers severe trauma and abruptly breaks off relations with his merchants, refusing long stays abroad. Urged on by his friend the writer and essayist Leonardo Sciascia, he intensified his exhibition activity in Italy and the critics, who had only reported the echoes of the successes of his exhibitions in the world, entered into the heart of the artistic debate, which concerned him, knowing how to grasp the value of international scope and the very strong personality. Thus began a new pictorial period for Calogero. He maintains his studio in Paris where he often goes, both for long business stays and to take care of public relations with his admirers.

1985/1990 – He returned to exhibit in America and Japan to present new works of the 1980s, where his palette lit up, giving his knights, ladies, clowns, places and architecture, the dazzling light, of an eternal spring.

Aci Castello, 1995. (Oil painting 95×42 cm; © Archivio Jean Calogero).

15 NOVEMBRE 2001 – He passed away in Acicastello, Sicily , and since his death, in order to protect his artistic production and intellectual memory, his children Patrizia and Massimiliano together with Luigi Nicolosi, established the Cultural Association “ARCHIVE JEAN CALOGERO.” The archive aims for training, updating, study and dissemination of the cultural aspects of Calogero’s work. The organization of personal exhibitions and the promotion of meetings and conferences. The archiving and certification of authenticity of the Works. Numerous anthological and retrospective exhibitions have been organized since his passing. Several Works have been donated to administrations and public spaces, we recall; the Diocesan Museum of Catania, the City of Catania and the City of Acicastello, which has permanently dedicated, a room of the Norman Castle, the naming of a street and a small villa. The headquarters of the Jean Calogero Archive (located in Acicastello in Via F. Crispi 50, where the ‘Artist had studio and residence) is open to the public , and visitors who attend it and those who participate in his exhibitions, continue to experience the poetic magic of his paintings.


HEAD IMAGE | View of the port of Catania, 1979. (Oil painting 73×60 cm; © Archivio Jean Calogero).


MORE DETAILS AND INFORMATION

www.jeancalogero.com
https://jeancalogero.com/biografia/

Associazione Culturale “Archivio Jean Calogero”

Via Francesco Crispi, 50 | Aci Castello (Catania) 95021
Tel: +393355275064 | E-mail: info@jeancalogero.com



Article reference for citation:

COCUZZA, Elena. “The Magical Landings of the Artist Jean Calogero. Interview with Luigi NICOLOSI, Artistic Director of the Archivio Jean Calogero”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 47 (June 2024). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/the-magical-landings-of-the-artist-jean-calogero-interview-with-luigi-nicolosi-artistic-director-jean-calogero-archive/

COCUZZA, Elena. “I magici approdi dell’artista Jean Calogero. Intervista con Luigi NICOLOSI, Direttore Artistico dell’Archivio Jean Calogero”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 47 (June 2024). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/the-magical-landings-of-the-artist-jean-calogero-interview-with-luigi-nicolosi-artistic-director-jean-calogero-archive/



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