Gastrourbanism Tactics

8 Giugno, 2024

The transformation and reconversion of abandoned waterfront areas represent significant challenges, but also crucial opportunities to improve urban quality and regenerate public spaces [1]. The strategy of using “local events” as part of a “temporary urbanism” approach is an increasingly popular practice for revitalizing underused urban waterfronts quickly, flexibly and affordably [2]. This “tactical” approach is based on the organization of temporary and cultural events such as festivals, markets, art exhibitions, concerts or sporting activities, to draw attention to brownfield sites and create a sense of community and vitality [3].

Many port cities in Denmark have started to experiment with the inclusion of street food districts in abandoned areas of the waterfront as temporary regeneration interventions aimed at occupying that period of time between the decommissioning of obsolete infrastructures and the design and implementation of urban redevelopment projects.

Jesper Julian Møller, a visionary chef from Copenhagen, took the initiative in 2014 to establish Copenhagen’s first large street food center on Christiansholm Island in Holmen.

For 300 years the island, called Papirøen due to the presence of an industrial site dedicated to paper storage, remained closed to the public. While waiting for the realization of the ambitious project designed by the Cobe architecture studio (the project is expected to be completed by the end of 2024), in a very short time the island was reopened to the public, becoming one of the most visited attractions in Copenhagen: a new 45,000 m2 district dedicated to street food where space has also been given to art exhibitions, parades, concerts and markets.

With the temporary destination of the food district set to end in 2017, Møller has embarked on another adventure: setting his sights on the island of Refshaleøen, for more than a hundred years home to the Burmeister & Wain shipyard which closed its doors in 1996, since 2018 he has opened the Reffen street food market.

The new food district project is more ambitious than the previous one. Reffen functions as a small business incubator and aims to contribute as much as possible to the economic development and cultural life of the city.

The lease of the area has a duration of ten years during which, every three years, restaurateurs and food startups will be selected based on sustainability criteria, circular cuisine, fresh, local and organic products – with an eye to vegetarians – and attractive design (all characteristics that distinguish contemporary Danish cuisine!). Each company will have three years to consolidate and verify whether their offer works. Currently, in the 10,000 square meter water market there are fifty different mini-restaurants, stalls and start-ups – some of them run by a single person – representing cuisines from around the world on one island. All stands must follow the sustainable principles of “reduce and reuse”.

At the same time as Reffen, the street food district Broens Gadekøkken took hold in Copenhagen’s Grønlandske Handels Plads, near the Inderhavnsbroen bridge between Christianshavn and Nyhavn. The market is inspired by the ancient market that was located in the “Greenlandic Trade Square”, an important episode in the commercial history of Copenhagen which testifies to the ancient relationship between the city and the arctic lands. Here, between the 18th and 19th centuries, traders from Greenland, Iceland, the Fær Øer Islands and Denmark arrived after long journeys across the oceans to sell and exchange goods (dried fish, salted herring, whale and seal meat and skins), resulting in a lively market that reflected the trade relations between Denmark and the Danish colonies.

Map of street food districts in Denmark opened in port areas for the regeneration of the waterfront. (Map design of A. Badami).

In addition to the capital, the culinary world tour continues in other disused port structures which today host temporary street food markets. Værftets Madmarked was set up inside the former shipyard in Helsingør, on the eastern edge of Denmark, with high ceilings covered with recycled materials from old boats and packing crates. A little further west, on Hornbæk beach, near the marina is the restaurant Det Fedtede Hjørne, literally “fat corner” due to its past as a grilled chicken restaurant, offering today six different food stalls, a well-stocked bar and various live music events.

In central Denmark, housed in old bus garages near Aarhus Rutebil station, Aarhus Street Food is a permanent street food market featuring more than 30 cuisines from around the world. In Esbjerg, at the western end of the country, the 2000 m2 of the Old Theatre near the port now houses seven stalls, three bars and fifty-seven beer taps in the Esbjerg Street Foods.

In Northern Yutland there is Aalborg Street Food Køkkenfabrikken, the street food market of Aalborg which offers space to more than six hundred customers inside the former Boform furniture factory, located in the maritime atmosphere of the port area of Skudehavnen.

Food court with colorful benches of the Street Food Køkkenfabrikken market housed within the former Boform furniture factory in Aalborg’s Skudehavnen dock area. (Photo: A. Badami, 2022).

Pulled duck, duck fat and chips stall at Aalborg’s Street Food Køkkenfabrikken market. (Photo: A. Badami, 2022).

Mezzanine of the Street Food Køkkenfabrikken market in Aalborg equipped with stalls for on-site consumption. (Photo: A. Badami, 2022).

In Funen, Denmark’s second largest island, Odense welcomes the Storms Pakhus gastronomic and creative market with its twenty-four food stands, six bars and twelve creative workshops, within the 3000 m2 of the former Storms warehouse near the port. Storms Pakhus is also an incubator for local entrepreneurs and emerging restaurateurs and promotes modern and accessible cuisine starting from the ingredients offered by the island of Funen and its extraordinary culinary traditions.

In all these gastronomic villages you can taste the best of street food developed in the four corners of the world. You can range from traditional Danish smørrebrød to classic burgers, fish & chips, pizza and hotdogs. You can venture into Cuban, Thai, Moroccan, Korean, Argentinian, Caribbean, Brazilian, Colombian, Jamaican, Ghanaian, Moroccan, Italian, French, Turkish, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, Mexican, Vietnamese, Spanish, Lebanese flavors and even into American soul food. All immersed in the traditional Danish hygge atmosphere, with a cup of steaming coffee or a good craft beer in hand while sitting on an outdoor deckchair overlooking the sea horizon.

All these initiatives immediately met with great public success, also demonstrating that the promotion of street food as part of a “temporary” urban planning strategy represents an effective way to start the redevelopment process of underused urban waterfronts. This approach combines the rapid activation of space with the involvement of multi-ethnic communities and offers a path towards transforming inaccessible waterfront areas into more vibrant and inclusive places for all cultures that populate cities.

Sometimes, good planning in a city simply means making room for people.

Pulled duck burger with melted cheese sauce and french fries on benches in the outdoor area of the Street Food Køkkenfabrikken market on the waterfront of the Skudehavnen marina in Aalborg. (Photo: A. Badami, 2022).


HEAD IMAGE | Takeaway dishes from The Fish Project stand at the Street Food Køkkenfabrikken market in Aalborg. (Photo: A. Badami, 2022).


NOTES and REFERENCES

[1] Rey E., Laprise M., Lufkin S. (2022). “Urban Brownfields: Origin, Definition, and Diversity”. In: Rey E., Laprise M., Lufkin S. (edited by), Neighbourhoods in Transition. The Urban Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82208-8_2.

[2] Liu G., Yang Y., Li K., Shrestha A., Zhuang T. (2024). “Prosperity or futility? Effects of micro-regeneration on neighborhood commercial vitality”. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/ecam-09-2023-0922.

[3] Ragab T. S. (2022). “Modeling Tactical Urbanism: A Contemporary Approach for Urban Regeneration”. In: Mady M., Fekry M., Ibrahim A. (edited by), Cities of the Future. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 153–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15460-7_11.



Article reference for citation:

BADAMI, Angela Alessandra. “Gastrourbanism Tactics”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 47 (June 2024). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/gastrourbanism-tactics/

BADAMI, Angela Alessandra. “Tattiche gastrourbanistiche”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 47 (June 2024). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/gastrourbanism-tactics/



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