Destination Catania: The Effects of Nautical Tourism and the Role of Environmental Sustainability on the Port and City

14 Giugno, 2024

Catania has a city port, just a ten-minute walk from the historic center. Although it remains a commercial port, its tourist vocation has long attracted a large portion of cruise and pleasure yachting tourism.

The city, dominated by the Etna volcano, which makes it and the whole eastern Sicily as hot and bubbly as its bowels, has always been a worldwide major attraction thanks to its rich monumental, landscape and food and wine heritage.

For this reason, the shore excursion offer for cruise passengers and pleasure yachting tourists is wide. In addition to the always sought after, but already extremely well-known, Catania, Syracuse, Taormina and Etna, people can choose between multiple nature trails on foot or by bike that can be enjoyed all year round; golden beaches and clear waters; food and wine itineraries, in which to explore the different nuances and aromas of Sicilian wines exported worldwide, combined with the tradition of local cuisine; slow food courses and other interesting proposals.

The centrality of the Etna port with respect to the main tourist destinations of Eastern Sicily, mostly reachable in about one hour’s journey, ensures the presence of large tourist flows in the port of Catania. Furthermore, the proximity of the port to the historic center allows nautical tourists to visit it easily on foot.

Port Tourism

Tourism linked to the sea, be it recreational, cruise or seaside, allows the sector to be deseasonalised and the port and city to host people 12 months a year.

Sea tourism is an important economic resource for the city of Catania, as the port represents a fundamental gateway for tourists who decide to visit it and discover its wonders arriving by cruise ships, ferries, or yachts.

Furthermore, cruise tourism has a positive impact on the infrastructural development of the areas, creating the need to strengthen and modernize port and city’s facilities to accommodate an ever-increasing number of cruise passengers. The high number of people in transit disembarking from large cruise ships, has a significant economic impact on the Etna port, the city and its surroundings. In addition, cruise tourism also generates incomes to all commercial and service activities in the port and inside the passenger terminal.

Numerous restaurants, coffee shops, souvenirs shops, agencies and tourist guides benefit from people arriving by sea, offering them tours and typical local products and services.

In conclusion, port tourism represents an important economic driver for the port and city areas, promoting growth and development, thanks to the ability to attract visitors from every Country, and enhancing local resources. It is essential, therefore, to invest in the promotion and development of this sector, to fully exploit its potential and make the Etna city shine more and more on the international scene.

Catania, an All-Year-Round Destination

The port of Catania is one of the main seaports in the Mediterranean and every year it welcomes thousands of passengers. Thanks to its strategic proximity to the international airport “Vincenzo Bellini”, the port, apart from cruisers in transit, also welcomes passengers arriving by plane and embarking and disembarking in Catania to start and end their cruise, thus creating a flow of homeporting operations and giving the port the possibility of growing more and more as a major hub for cruises in the Mediterranean.

A cruise ship in the port of Catania. (© Port System Authority of the Eastern Sicilian Sea).

Costa Crociere has chosen, as early as 2021, the Etna port for its important interporting operations with a movement, in 2023, of approximately 1800/1900 passengers embarking and disembarking for each call. Furthermore, Costa organized air charters that took passengers from Spain to Catania where they embarked to start their cruise, an activity that could become, through an active cooperation among the Port System Authority, the Airport and the Cruise Terminal, a prelude to a broader vision on the management of cruise flows generated from charters organized by Cruise Lines.

The 2023 Catania cruise season saw an increase in passengers of both big and small ships, from 154,000 in 2022 to around 236,500 in 2023: an important tourist flow not only for the city, but also for the entire southeastern district. Costa Crociere chose Catania with its 31 calls, but we also saw Aida, TUI, Azamara, Celebrity, Club Med, Croisi Europe, Fred Olsen, Noble Caledonia and many others. The 2023 season also view 5 overnights, 6 double calls and 19 maiden calls.

Knowledge among young people of the port sector is very important for encouraging sea travel. Some universities, such as those of Hanover, Antwerp and Hamburg, have had departments of Maritime Economics for years.
The port currently has three quays primarily dedicated to the docking of cruise ships and a passenger terminal.

Catania, in addition to hosting large ships, is also a destination chosen by niche cruise tourism, the so-called “luxury” segment: these are small ships, with a maximum capacity of 1000 passengers. Luxury tourists travel all year round, therefore deseasonalizing the cruise market, sometimes choosing an already known Cruise Line, but different destinations depending on the season.

Among the main and characteristic elements of this sector we find:

  • “Exclusive experiences” (in all tourist fields and for all services)
  • “Sustainable modalities” (the so-called green tourism)
  • “Search for emotionality” (emotions and spirituality)

Sicily is one of the most popular destinations for international luxury cruise tourism. Considering that the “luxury” tourist belongs to a high-spending segment, this niche represents a very important economic driver.

Furthermore, city hotel and accommodation facilities also record an increase in bookings before and after the arrival of a cruise ship. Research by CLIA (Cruise Line International Association) has shown that 6 out of 10 cruise passengers, if favorably impressed by the destination and the local services, return at least once no longer by sea, but by land or by air with an average stay of three days.

With a view to an increasingly broad development of cruise traffic and to the important port-city relationship, particular attention will be dedicated, with the new Port Regulatory Plan (PRP), to the development of the “waterfront” which will also involve the construction of a new passenger terminal, to serve cruise and Ro-Pax traffic, capable of offering high-level services and excellence in hospitality.

Heading Towards New Adventures: The Development of Pleasure Yachting in the Port of Catania

Pleasure yachting has gained much popularity in recent years, with more and more people looking for authentic experiences and unique adventures in the open sea and during shore excursions. In this context, the Port of Catania is an ideal destination for lovers of the sea and sailing, offering a combination of history and natural beauty such as to potentially make it a point of reference in the panorama of pleasure yachting. However, services dedicated to pleasure boating are still penalized (lack of piers for mooring yachts and mega yachts and, in part, also lack of shipbuilding suitable spaces).

So, to date, the pleasure boating sector in Catania has not yet reached developmental levels capable of substantially impacting the port and city economy. However, as we will see in the next paragraph, the new Port Regulatory Plan which will come into force by 2024, provides for a notable growth in the structures and number of quays reserved for cruise ships, passenger ferries, yachts and nautical tourism in general.

Cruise and Pleasure Yachting According to the New Port Regulatory Plan

Regarding the port areas dedicated to tourism, the new PRP see them open to citizens, green and smart. Obviously, this result will take a few years to be achieved and to allow people to fully benefit from it.

In a medium-term future, the cruise area will measure 84,000 square meters with four quays capable of accommodating ships of over 340-meter length. On the “Sporgente Centrale” pier, the new 5,000 square meter maritime station, with its particularly original architecture, will be able to accommodate one million passengers a year, with renewable energy systems, capable of making it self-sufficient from an energy point of view. It is estimated that in 2040 the port will host between 490,000 and 848,000 cruisers ferry and yacht passengers.

Rendering of the tourist area according to the new Port Regulatory Plan of Catania. (© Port System Authority of the Eastern Sicilian Sea).

The waterfront, with its beautiful promenade on the sea, will be developed on an area going from the new yachting marina, near to the railway station, up to the Porto Nuovo and the Crispi pier: approximately seventeen hectares which will become a city district with scenographic and innovative architectural artefacts, a port-city gateway to enjoy, at the same time, the historic center and the port. The “Darsena yacht”, with a dedicated road network and direct access to the open sea, will host over 700 small (4/18 meters), medium (18/28 meters) and large (up to 120 meters) pleasure boats, thus creating a large shipbuilding market.

Rendering of the future passenger terminal in the port of Catania. (© Port System Authority of the Eastern Sicilian Sea).

Rendering of green areas in the future Catania passenger terminal. (© Port System Authority of the Eastern Sicilian Sea).

Catania Towards a Green Port: Energy Sustainability

Onshore electrification (shore power) is a technology that offers great potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from cruise ships and ferries: it allows ships to turn off their diesel engines while at berth, thus reducing nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxides and particulates emissions.

At present, worldwide only 2% of ports are equipped to supply electricity to docked ships, but 46% of cruise ships are already equipped for shore power and another 30% can be re-adapted.

Regarding the use of shore to ship technologies, the port of Catania, thanks to the results of a study led by the Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture of the University of Catania on naval traffic, is going to implement a shore power system for cruise ships via a mobile tool that will transport the cable to one of the three “junction boxes” along the docks.

The works will begin by June 2024 and will be completed by June 2026, as they are financed with National Recovery and Resilience Plan funds. The power requested is 47 MW and the amount financed is 56.5 million euros.

The main positive aspect deriving from the construction of a shore power system will be the reduction of polluting emissions into the atmosphere and of vibrations produced by the internal combustion engines that activate rotation of the auxiliary generators. All this will allow a positive environmental impact, with the achievement of important benefits for urban areas and human health.


HEAD IMAGE | Panoramic view of the Port of Catania. (© Port System Authority of the Eastern Sicilian Sea).


REFERENCES

State Of The Cruise Industry Outlook 2022, Cruise Line international Association online publication.



Article reference for citation:

TOMASI, Ilaria. “Destination Catania: The Effects of Nautical Tourism and the Role of Environmental Sustainability on the Port and City”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 47 (June 2024). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/destination-catania-the-effects-of-nautical-tourism-and-the-role-of-environmental-sustainability-on-the-port-and-city/

TOMASI, Ilaria. “Destinazione Catania: le ricadute del turismo nautico e il ruolo della sostenibilità ambientale sul porto e sulla città”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 47 (June 2024). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/destination-catania-the-effects-of-nautical-tourism-and-the-role-of-environmental-sustainability-on-the-port-and-city/



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