The Monks’ Secret: When a Pastry Becomes the Destination of a Journey

15 Dicembre, 2025

It’s the national dessert par excellence, the undisputed ambassador of Portuguese pastry around the world, and the very symbol of Lisbon itself: the Pastel de nata. But to taste the real one – the kind worth queuing for under the blazing sun – you must seek it by its original, baptismal name: the Pastel de Belém. A name that’s a journey in itself, a destiny, a promise of time-honoured authenticity.

As is often the case, the name says it all. Belém comes from Bethlehem, a nod to the deep religious roots of this divine creation. It was here, in the riverside district of Lisbon that shares its name, a stone’s throw from the majestic Mosteiro dos Jerónimos and the iconic Belém Tower, that the story of Portugal’s most famous pastry began – intertwined forever with the place that gave it life and name.

Monastero dos Jerónimos. (© Lucrezia Carta, 2025).

On the estuary of the Tagus River, facing the vast horizon of the Atlantic, the old fishing village – once called Restelo – was renamed Belém after the construction of a small church dedicated to Saint Mary of Bethlehem, where sailors would pray before setting off to sea. Legend has it that even Vasco da Gama stopped here to ask for divine protection before embarking on his daring voyage to India.

The success of that expedition changed Belém’s fate: it became the springboard for routes to India, Asia, and China, home port of other famous explorers such as Pedro Álvares Cabral, Bartolomeu Dias, and Fernão de Magalhães. King Manuel, I commemorated those achievements with the grand construction of the Jerónimos Monastery, a marvel of over 11,000 square metres.

Here, the monks not only prayed for the King and his sailors but also found a clever way to use the many leftover egg yolks – the by-product of wine clarification and the starching of vestments, which required only the whites. Thus, was born, within the monastery walls, a custard wrapped in crisp puff pastry: a recipe whispered in secret and guarded like a sacred relic. The sweet treat soon became a modest source of income, sold to pilgrims and locals alike.

When the Liberal Revolution of 1820 led to the dissolution of religious orders, the monks were forced to leave – but not without their golden secret (or did they perhaps trade it for a generous offer?). Legend has it that an enlightened businessman, Domingos Rafael Alves, who owned a nearby sugar refinery, convinced them to sell the recipe and, in doing so, saved its legacy. In 1837 he opened the Antiga Confeitaria de Belém, a family-run bakery that has never stopped turning egg yolks, sugar, cinnamon, and puff pastry into small, warm-hearted masterpieces with a perfectly flaky crust.

Pastéis de Belém. (© Lucrezia Carta, 2025).

Even today, the original recipe remains a fiercely guarded mystery – a true “Holy Grail” of pastry-making. Only a handful of master bakers (rumour says no more than three or four in the world!) know the secret, bound by confidentiality oaths and ancient ritual gestures, passing it down from generation to generation inside what has become a veritable “factory of flavour”, producing up to fifty thousand pastries a day.

Pastéis de Belém packaged in take-out boxes. (© Lucrezia Carta, 2025).

But why here? Why is Belém so essential to the story?

Because, like Bethlehem, Belém marks a beginning – a place where the idea of birth takes shape: in Bethlehem, that of Christ; in Belém, that of discovery. It was both a point of departure and return, the edge of the known world and the gateway to the unknown. Here, the pastry gained a symbolic power: a sweet charm of protection and comfort for sailors, merchants, explorers, and pilgrims. It was their last, tender indulgence before setting sail – or their first, blissful welcome upon return.

The Pastel de Belém thus became one of the most iconic “portside” creations ever made – born from necessity, reinvented through cultural encounters, enriched by ingredients from the far reaches of the Portuguese empire: spices from the East, sugar from the colonies. Only a port city like Lisbon could have produced such an alchemy of flavours condensed into a single bite of history.

Imitations abound, of course. Today, Pastéis de nata can be found in every café across Portugal and beyond. Yet only in Belém – in that tiled, blue-and-white building with the long, winding queue outside – can you truly experience the magic: the scent of caramelised sugar and cinnamon in the air, the heat of the freshly baked tart that burns your fingers just enough, the sublime contrast between the shattering crispness of the pastry and the velvety cream within, best enjoyed with a strong espresso or an icy white Port.

Eating a Pastel de Belém right there, under the shadow of the Padrão dos Descobrimentos – the Monument to the Discoveries – is not just a snack. It’s a secular pilgrimage, a small rite connecting today’s traveller with the explorers of the past, in a port where destiny once gave birth to one of the sweetest and most unforgettable inventions ever to grace the palate.

Padrão dos Descobrimentos. (© Andrea Augello, 2025).


HEAD IMAGE | Miradouro da Graça. (© Andrea Augello, 2025).



Article reference for citation:

BADAMI, Angela Alessandra, and Lucrezia CARTA. “The Monks’ Secret: When a Pastry Becomes the Destination of a Journey”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 50 (December 2025). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/the-monks-secret-when-a-pastry-becomes-the-destination-of-a-journey/

BADAMI, Angela Alessandra, and Lucrezia CARTA. “Il segreto dei monaci: quando un dolce diventa la meta del viaggio”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 49 (December 2025). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/the-monks-secret-when-a-pastry-becomes-the-destination-of-a-journey/



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