Managing the Port of Buenos Aires to Redefine the Future of the City

22 Dicembre, 2025

Buenos Aires cannot be understood without its relationship with the port. As early as the 16th century, both during Pedro de Mendoza’s first settlement and Juan de Garay’s definitive founding —both navigators— the river was the axis around which the city was conceived. That imprint became so deeply rooted in our identity that, even today, we define ourselves as porteños.

This port-based condition turned Buenos Aires into a gateway into and out of the country, as well as a permanent point of contact with the world — a strategic role that remains central to its economic and urban development.

Nearly 32 years ago, the City of Buenos Aires took a historic step by achieving constitutional autonomy, a milestone that transformed its relationship with the federal government and redefined its capacity to manage matters directly affecting more than three million residents. However, despite the progress made —such as the transfer of more than 30 bus lines, the subway system, and the police force, among other institutional responsibilities— one key area remains where autonomy is still incomplete: the administration of the port.

At the beginning of the 1890s, the great Customs House designed by the English architect Edward Taylor on the riverfront, next to the now-demolished Central Station. In the background on the right, the rear section of the Government House. (General Archive of the Nation – AGN).

The transfer of these still-pending powers not only reopens the debate on federalism, but also poses a critical challenge for local development. The port is essential to consolidating the City’s autonomy and, at the same time, holds enormous logistical and urban potential. It is also a vital asset for both the local and national economy. Yet, despite its strategic location in the heart of Buenos Aires, it continues to be administered by the national government.

This situation generates tensions and inefficiencies that translate into higher logistical costs, reduced competitiveness, and a direct impact on residents’ quality of life, who must contend with heavy traffic, pollution, and the lack of integration between the port and the city.

In addition, a significant portion of the port area is currently underused or degraded. While the port has historically been a key logistical hub, its ability to adapt to new commercial dynamics and urban demands faces substantial constraints. Land access routes —both road and rail— are already saturated, and any significant increase in cargo traffic would generate congestion levels that are unsustainable for the city. This reality makes it necessary to rethink the port’s role within a broader local development strategy.

Numerous specialists agree that this lag in infrastructure and management has reduced the port’s competitiveness, increasing costs for exporters and importers. While other ports in the region have advanced modernization processes that attracted private investment, the Port of Buenos Aires has fallen behind in terms of efficiency and operating costs.

Against this backdrop, moving forward with its revitalization is unavoidable. The port must continue to fulfill its logistical function, but through appropriate infrastructure planning it can also become an opportunity for sustainable urban expansion. Local management would allow this extensive area to be better integrated into the urban fabric, attract investment, generate employment, create new public spaces, and improve residents’ quality of life.

A clear example of this approach is the development of Puerto Madero, which over the past 30 years has attracted billions of dollars in private investment, transforming a derelict port area into one of the city’s most dynamic and highly valued neighborhoods.

The passenger pier of the Port of Buenos Aires in 1888. (General Archive of the Nation – AGN).

The port is also the main entry point for cruise tourism, a rapidly growing activity that has a significant impact on both the city’s and the country’s economy. According to the Buenos Aires City Tourism Board, over the past decade the number of tourists increased by 49% —nearly 500,000 foreign visitors— arriving on 59% more cruise ships docking at the port. Moreover, one out of every two cruise passengers stayed in the City of Buenos Aires.

Today, the cruise industry generates more than 20,000 direct and indirect jobs. With efficient management and a long-term vision, this sector could be further strengthened, increasing visitor numbers and tourism-related revenues.

This conflict has historical roots. In the 1990s, within the framework of structural reforms, the Ports Federalization Law was enacted, transferring the administration of several national ports to the provinces. However, the Port of Buenos Aires was excluded from this process, consolidating federal control.

This decision not only represented a significant exception within the decentralization framework, but also perpetuated a model that fails to reflect the needs and specificities of the city, with negative consequences at both metropolitan and national levels.

Full autonomy for the City of Buenos Aires implies that the local government should have the capacity to manage, wholly or partially, the resources and infrastructure that directly affect its territory. In the case of the port, this is not merely a matter of administrative efficiency, but also one of territorial fairness. If the City bears the social and environmental costs associated with the port’s operation, it should also have the authority to decide how it is managed and how it is integrated into urban development.

The transfer of port administration to the City government is not a new idea. Many cities around the world —including Hamburg, New York, and Rotterdam— manage their own ports, achieving a balance between economic development and urban sustainability. In these cases, local administration has enabled policies aligned with residents’ needs, fostering smarter urban planning and more inclusive economic growth.

More than 30 years after autonomy, it is time to reflect on the remaining challenges and move toward a city capable of managing its territory in an integrated manner, as noted by Buenos Aires Mayor Jorge Macri. Transferring the administration of the Port of Buenos Aires to the City government would not only represent an act of historical justice, but also a crucial step toward building a more efficient and sustainable city.

In this context, the creation of the National Agency for Ports and Navigation to replace the General Ports Administration (AGP), along with other recent measures aimed at deregulation and strengthening federal autonomy, represents a unique opportunity.

These actions could lay the groundwork for the prompt transfer of the port to the City of Buenos Aires, marking a decisive milestone toward a fairer and more efficient model of territorial governance. Today, private-sector stakeholders agree that the port’s infrastructure is obsolete, operating costs are high, and unclear concessions from previous administrations still persist.

The City government has already begun conducting studies on port development in anticipation of a future transfer. It is also actively involved in the Urban Environmental Plan and the Port Master Plan, with the aim of integrating the port into the city’s transportation system, traffic network, and public space.

There is no reason to delay further. The Port of Buenos Aires —one of the five most important in South America— is a critical asset for the City and must be fully leveraged, both in its logistical role and in its potential for urban integration and economic development.


HEAD IMAGE | The docks of the Port of Buenos Aires today. (Source: General Ports Administration – AGP).



Article reference for citation:

BERECIARTUA, Pablo. “Managing the Port of Buenos Aires to Redefine the Future of the City”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 50 (December 2025). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/managing-the-port-of-buenos-aires-to-redefine-the-future-of-the-city/

BERECIARTUA, Pablo. “Si se puede administrar el puerto de Buenos Aires se podrá redefinir el futuro de la ciudad”. PORTUS | Port-City Relationship and Urban Waterfront Redevelopment, 50 (December 2025). RETE Publisher, Venice. ISSN 2282-5789.
URL: https://portusonline.org/managing-the-port-of-buenos-aires-to-redefine-the-future-of-the-city/

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